Persuasive Speech About K12 Essay

â€Å"Education is a partner which no hardship can discourage, no wrongdoing can obliterate, no adversary can distance, and no oppression can enslave†, a popular citation from the essayist, Joseph Addison. In Filipino platitudes, it would be depicted as something that can never be taken from you. The K12 arrangement of training is prominently utilized in the United States, Australia and Canada, it was as of late started by the Aquino organization to be adjusted in the Philippines. Since it signifies dragging out the instruction of understudies by two years, would it truly be valuable or unhelpful to a Filipino understudy? We as a whole realize that life is a struggle and open or private schooling is exorbitant for guardians. Anyway looking past the monetary parts of a student’s instruction, the K12 framework ends up being helpful. Joblessness and neediness are two diseases of society and are the two issues attached from Filipinos incapable to complete school. The K12 program expects to inspire the nature of training in the Philippines with the goal for graduates to be effectively utilized. The program likewise plans to satisfy the guidelines required for experts who might need to work abroad. Moreover, it would enable the understudy to obtain authority of fundamental abilities and be all the more sincerely develop. As indicated by G. K. Chesterton, â€Å"Education is essentially the spirit of a general public as it goes starting with one age then onto the next. † Wouldn’t it make a more promising time to come for the Philippines if all schools will update the degree of instructing? Wouldn’t it improve an age of Filipinos? Wouldn’t it improve the Philippines prepared to contend all around? Adjusting to the training arrangement of first world nations like the United States could elevate the lives of the youthful Filipinos. All things considered, they are as of now living verification that their instructive framework made them a ground-breaking nation on the planet. I accept that the K12 framework will enable the Filipino understudies to achieve a superior degree of learning, a superior profession to acquire a living and a more splendid Philippines. From the expressions of John Dewey, â€Å"Education isn't groundwork forever; training is life itself. † Building a solid instructive establishment will help any Filipino arrive at their fantasies and make the Philippines a superior nation.

Essay on Jane Eyre’s character Essay

From her issues with the injurious Reed family, her kinships at Lowood, her adoration for Mr Rochester and her time with the Rivers family, Jane’s character stays solid and cautious regardless of the hardships she perseveres. Through the course of the novel, Jane’s character changes somewhat yet also fortifies itself as Jane utilizes individuals, circumstances and her own encounters to pick up information, and help her picking up her full character. From when she was a kid, Jane had blunt estimations of herself and a model is the point at which she censured John Reed for assaulting her with a book, Wicked and coldblooded kid! I said. You resemble a killer you resemble a slave master You resemble the Roman rulers! She was ousted and estranged by the Reed family, making an extremely free spiritHer character rushes to succinct and innovative while additionally being discerning. I was a disunity in Gateshead Hall. I resembled nobody there; I had nothing in concordance with Mrs Reed or her youngsters or her picked vassalage. She realized that the Reed family emphatically disdain her and the explanation for it. Equity and rule was likewise apparently essential to her at that point. At Lowood School, there was a cruel and exacting condition however nature was facilitated for Jane by companions, for example, Helen and Miss Temple who approached her with deference and care. Miss Temple is depicted by Helen as Miss Temple is generally excellent, and sharp ; she is over the rest since she knows undeniably more than they do. This is additionally the way that Jane feels about Miss Temple because of her comprehension of the children’s emotions and necessities. This was appeared differently in relation to Mr Brocklehurst who was a charlatan and treated Jane and the remainder of the understudies with scorn. Jane became to comprehend of the a wide range of sorts of individuals with various characters who might come into her life. She dismisses the radical model of Helen’s character however utilizes it to turn out to be additionally understanding as she figured out how to adjust clashing perspectives all through the remainder of the novel. It is much better to suffer persistently a shrewd which no one feels yet yourself, than to submit a hurried activity whose malevolent activities will reach out to all associated with you.. Helen has confidence in firmly bearing the agony and from Jane’s defiant and irate soul, an advancement ofâ understanding and continuance imagines. Despite the fact that Jane is transformed, she never truly acknowledged the full model of Helen and still had faith in equity and rule. Jane’s character feared dismissal, as so had been done all through her earlier years with the Reed family. Mr Rochester’s proposition had been as venturing stone for her to defeat the difficulties she conveyed from before. Mr Rochester was Helen’s first love yet her character upset her from reliance. She just needed opportunity and independency in a structure where she would have the option to cherish just as discover a harmony between her qualities. Leaving Thornfield was her quest for the independency and opportunity that she expected to have as a feature of her character and Jane here battled hard with her affection and requirement for independency in the wake of finding Mr Rochester’s past spouse. However, at that point a voice worshipped me that I could do it; and prognosticated that I ought to do it. I grappled with my own resolution†¦ Jane needs to be frail and simply love Mr Rochester and be with him yet her character was solid, driving her away from Thornfield and into an entirely different point of view of the world. Destitute and hungry, Jane is compelled to rest outside and ask for food and this shows how her feeling of independence is such a great amount of passionate than her feeling of pride. To find that the Rivers family were cousin identified with her; This was a gift , splendid, distinctive and; dislike the cumbersome endowment of gold. Jane was thrilled to find that she had family whom she cherished and she esteemed this over the legacy that she was given. Another piece of the affection she had been looking for had been satisfied and through this, Jane’s character’s turned out to be all the more adoring and was prepared to relinquish a portion of the independence she esteemed to such an extent. As she did to Helen, Jane rejects the fanatic model of St John in spite of the fact that she despite everything regarded him and the opportunity that he had offered were as yet not fit to her requirements for confidence. She knew there was no affection or energy among her and St John along these lines would not go as his better half, demonstrating that adoration was as yet significant in her character. This set off the need to go see Mr Rochester, and discovering him ward of her accepted this was the arrangement and joy she had been scanning for. The advancement of Jane Eyre’s character is vital to the novel and as she continues getting away from the environmental factors and individuals around her to discover the parity of opportunity and love that her character esteems. Through circumstances, Jane stays careful in character and it creates from a defiant vagrant to a develop autonomous lady with the goal that she in the end discovers happiness. List of sources: Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte

5 Benefits Of Hiring SEO Services For Your Business ?

5 Benefits Of Hiring SEO Services For Your Business ? Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!5 Benefits Of Hiring SEO Services For Your Business ?Updated On 19/02/2020Author : Ram kumarTopic : SEOShort URL : https://hbb.me/38Kzu66 CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogPerhaps youre reading this since youve long been contemplating to hire an SEO (Search Engine Optimization) service for your business. Without a doubt, SEO has a lot of benefits that it can bring to your business. Most certainly, especially with digital marketing, SEO is still one of the most effective techniques. For the skeptics, theres the question of what benefits hiring one can bring. Is it going to be worth the added cost that hiring one will entail?There are many benefits that you can gain from outsourcing your SEO services. This list gives you a few examples:1. Improves Your WebsiteAs businesses start to become more competitive, they also need to adapt to new marketing trends. One of these has to do with digital marketing.  Successful companies know that one of the secrets to success is to have a good website up and running. The problem for others is that they’ve got a website up and running, but their website isnt exactly translating to the effects that its supposed to bring. This means that resources are, unfortunately, wasted.Hiring Search Engine Optimization services can help improve your website in the following ways:Optimizes your site for it to load quicklyTarget the most relevant keywordsCompete with others in the industry2. Gives Your Site A New Set Of Professional EyesOutsourcing your business SEO services means that youre giving your business a third-party perspective on the overall condition and positioning of your website. Naturally, business owners cant look at their business from the eyes or perspective of a third-party. Hence, there may be weak points that youve overlooked.Through SEO services, this agency looks at your business and formulates strategies that help your business grow. This is achieved for the very reason of how businesses see the perspective of a customer. They know what appeals to the public to help your business grow.3. More SEO Experience Than Youve GotYes, there may be SEO experts on your team. But, they still cant match up to the experience of an SEO agency. This is, after all, their field of expertise.  Truth be told, these SEO companies have so much more experience than you do. Take advantage of this experience by leaving no room for errors or experiments. With something as important as your digital marketing campaigns, you cant make any room for errors.  READ5 Ways To Track The Quality Of Your Link PartnersHere are some facets of experience that SEO companies have for you:They can handle unexpected changes, like penalties and algorithm updatesThey can make smart decisions for your site to improve rankings and visibilityThey have experience with a variety of clients in different industries4. Saves You TimeRun ning a business is no easy feat; youre going to be under a lot of pressure. One of the most common pressures is the press for time.  Time, in a day, can sometimes be insufficient to accomplish all the necessary tasks to be done. To be effective, youll need all that extra help in your hands. One of the best tasks to outsource is SEO.When you put the marketing tasks in the hands of experts, you save so much time. They save you, not just the worry of completing tasks, but also in meeting deadlines.  5. Saves You MoneyApart from saving on time, hiring an SEO service is also going to save your business some money.  Its the common mistaken notion that hiring an SEO service is going to be costly. But, its actually a very cost-effective solution for your SEO and marketing needs. In the long run, youll begin to realize that it saves you money. This benefit comes in as a significant advantage, especially if youre still a small business trying to save on costs.Here are some ways that hiring an SEO service can save you money:You dont have to pay for the continuous training of your team to handle SEO projects, as this is now outsourcedYou dont need to purchase tools related to the enhancement of your business websites SEOYou dont waste money, as you’re aware that all the SEO projects are handled by nothing less than the expertsConclusionWhen youre running a business, big or small, engaging in marketing activities is very important. But, because of the workload that you have or simply a lack of know-how on marketing, it can be tough for you to do this all by yourself. Thus, its best to leave your SEO marketing campaigns in the hands of the experts.  That way, your ranking in search engines improve, youll do better profit-wise, and in the overall, your business will perform better as well.

Inter Culturalism, Race, And Gender Identity - 938 Words

Throughout the last few weeks we were talking about inter-culturalism, race, and gender identity. We have had multiple people and discussions about these topics. I have read many articles, heard speakers, and been taught a lot about these topics, but there is always something new that I can learn and always another perspective on the topics. These are topics that have been in the news and talked about a lot in the past few years, especially gender identity. Interculturalism is something, as teachers, we are trying to make normal. Teachers are trying to prepare students for conversations between cultures and making the terminology a â€Å"normal† part of their life. Throughout the years, there has not been a lot of communication between cultures. It has been something that people tip toe around. Irving talks about teaching students the language they need to support conversations between cultures. She gives an example of a class having a skin color project. The students did not refer to other students as black or white but rather the recipe they used to make their skin color (Irving, 2014, pg. 237). I think that is such a great idea. It gets kids to see that there is more than just the color of their skin and that between different cultures and races is okay. Irving also talked about her experience role playing in the classroom related to racism. â€Å"Wait a minute, I remember thinking. These conversations aren’t aggressiv e.(Irving, 2014, pg. 239). So many times, peoples’ firstShow MoreRelatedImmigration As A Migrant Worker Essay2294 Words   |  10 PagesCommonwealth countries, particularly the West Indies, seeking work and a better life. The public may not have known it at the time but the support for what would become to be known as ‘multi-culturalism’ was born out of these post war demographic changes. Although progression has not always been smooth. With inter-cultural competition for both jobs and housing it did not take long for tensions to rise between these migrants and the indigenous white population. At this time, it was not uncommon to seeRead MoreAnalysis Of `` No One `` By Zora Neale Hurston And Toni Morrison881 Words   |  4 Pagesto be critiqued. Literary theory is wide—its proponents range from deconstructionism and structuralism to aestheticism, and culturalism, flowing through queer theory, gender theory, and race theory to name a few subsets of the la tter. The diversity in this theory is easily explained, as it stems from the own diversity of writers and works that have been produced. The identities of these works and their writers, however, becomes very important when choosing a method to interpret and analyse their artRead MoreNationalism And Its Impact On National Identity1412 Words   |  6 PagesNationalism can be defined in two dimensions. First, the feeling of having a sense of national identity. This â€Å"national identity† is often confronted with a dilemma as to how to draw the boundaries of what creates a nation. This pre-requisite often comes in the form of either similarities in origin, ethnicity, culture and willingness to partake in the membership of a â€Å"nation†. This is contrasted with the concept of â€Å"states† as states such as the Native American Iroqouis, whom although are a â€Å"nation†Read MoreHas Globalization Change Culture and Societal Norms?3163 Words   |  13 Pag essocial identity. Lyons (2006) suggests reduced political restrictions on the movement of money and the free trade of multi transnational companies such as Coca Cola and MacDonald’s, has resulted in nation states losing power over national social welfare policies to meet an individual state’s welfare needs, as funding for the welfare state has to fit in with the needs of national and international economics. As nations begin to become independent on different parts of the world, an inter relianceRead MoreDissertation Proposal on Managing Diversity of Workforce18916 Words   |  76 PagesResearch Question 1 will be analyzed through the conduction of a one-way MANOVA on the value dimensions by generation. Research Question 2 will be analyzed through conductions of a oneway MANOVA in order to look at the value dimensions based upon gender. Analysis of Research Question 3 will be through conduction of a one-way MANOVA in order to look at the value dimensions by SES. Research Question 4 wil l undergo analysis through conduction of a one-way MANOVA in order to look at the value dimensions

Hitler s Suicide Or Escape Cover Up - 1487 Words

Vincent Edmunds English 7 Ms. Jones 16 May 2017 Hitler: Suicide or Escape cover-up? World War II was the deadliest and most far reaching war to date. There were 30 countries involved and more than 50 million deaths, military and civilian. The war began after a man named Adolf Hitler invaded Poland in 1939. The war lasted 6 long years (World War II). Adolf Hitler was the head of the Nazi Party and Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, ruling as a dictator (World War II). During his rise to power and his time as Chancellor, Hitler focused on spreading hate and propaganda against the Jewish Race (World War II). He also passed antisemtic laws (World War II). All of this lead to the Genocide, which was the killing of millions†¦show more content†¦Another eyewitness was Admiral Doenitz, a war general, in the Germany army. He was on the other side of the bunker, when Hitler allegedly killed himself. The Admiral, who also heard screaming, went to Hitler’s Quarters and found Hitler dead. Many allege that the Adm iral was covering for Hitler to give Hitler time to escape (Matthews). Our last witness was Hans Buer, Hitler’s personal pilot. He was allegedly in the room when Hitler killed himself. Buer stated that Adolf Hitler shook his hand, said goodbye, and then shot himself. Before he could be questioned, the Red Cross took him offsite (Matthews). When questioned later, Hans seemed unsure that it was Hitler who died since Hitler had up to eight look alike doubles. He speculated it was one of them and that Hitler escaped that day (Matthews). Topic 2 Our second area of controversy surrounding Hitler’s death is the autopsy findings and the autopsy report. Prior to his suicide, Hitler ordered that the bunker be burned down upon his death (Conspiracy Theories from Conspiracies). The fire destroyed everything but a few bone fragments. All that was found was a piece of a jawbone and a piece of skull with a bullet hole in it (Conspiracy Theories from Conspiracies.net). In 1945, there was no such thing as DNA testing. So, determining that the bone fragments were Hitler’s were solely based on the eyewitness accounts that Hitler shot himself and that one of the fragments had a bullet holeShow MoreRelated The Berlin Wall Essay examples1530 Words   |  7 PagesHitler committed suicide in 1945, swiftly making an end to any resistance against the Allied powers in World War II. The Axis powers soon surrendered and negotiations began over the fate of Europe. Germany took the blame for most of the wartime tragedy, but even with their varying agendas, the Allied powers were hesitant to act harshly against the Germans. They feared an uprising of retaliation such as the Third Reich regime that had begun the workings for World War II. With this in mind, Great BritainRead MoreAnti Semitism And The Holocaust1950 Words   |  8 Pagesevents in response (Alpha History). The Dreyfus affair of France was one of the largest cover-ups known in European history and was a major act of anti-semitism. Alfred Dreyfus was a military soldier for the French and had been wrongfully accused of leaking information to the Germans. After the government had realized that he was indeed innocent of these crimes, they had still kept him locked up and covered-up the entire situation. This event was later reciprocated in a much larger fashion in RussiaRead MoreHitler s Influence On The World1986 Words   |  8 PagesDuring the 1930’s, Adolf Hitler rose to power in the morally and economically broken country of Germany and lead the nation into what was to be known as the â€Å"Third Reich†. Hitler, along with his fellow party members, was able to take over the country at an unfathomable pace along with a societal approval rate that has never been seen before. Adolf was able to consume the support of the nation with the influential effect of his propaganda. The results of his propaganda trump any seen before in theRead MoreStop The Suffering1963 Words   |  8 Pagessee someone become terminally ill towards the end of their life. Many people are given the chance to live a couple more months in pain and agony, while not getting to do many things. What many people think about, is how to escape this world pain free. Physician assisted suicide, or euthanasia, is a common practice around the world to help accommodate to these needs. According to Dictionary.com, this means to take a deliberate action with the express intention of ending a life to relieve persistentRead MoreD-DAY: The Events and Outcome of the Normandy Invasion Essay2529 Words   |  11 PagesEurope was completely conquered by the Nazis. At the start of World War Two, Hitler made most of Europe into his Nazi fortress. Hitler, by 1941, controlled all of Europe with the exception of Britain. Hitler sent hundreds of bombers to bomb Great Britain in an attempt to force them to surrender. The Nazis killed thousands and thousands of innocent civilians. The killings of these innocent civilians angered the Brits and motivated to not give into Hitler’s hands. In fact, the brave British pilotsRead MoreD Day The Battle Of Normandy1785 Words   |  8 PagesEurope, and Germany had to divert its attention from Russia. Allied forces took the fight to the Axis powers in many locations across Western Europe. The Italian government quickly signed an armistice with the Allies but German forces dug in and set up massive defensive lines across Italy, prepared to stop any armed push to the north. After several major o ffensives, the Allies broke through and captured Rome on June 4, 1944. As Allied troops moved across Europe in a series of offensives against NaziRead MoreEuthanasi A Dangerous And Disputable Proposition2451 Words   |  10 PagesThroughout history, a series of seemingly uncorrelated ideas have been consistently intertwined: suicide, infanticide, euthanasia, genocide, eugenics, and, most recently, a practice termed physician- assisted euthanasia, or physician- assisted suicide. An examination of history shows that these dissimilar notions always involve two troubling questions: which lives are not worth living, and who will decide who dies? The same examination of history shows that separating the worthy from those who areRead MoreMain Aspects of the Holocaust Essay8177 Words   |  33 Pageshave chosen to cover the main bog standard areas like camps, Ghettos etc. Because, although it is slightly unoriginal, I knew little about them and wanted to find something out. Also, I dont think people appreciate just how bad some aspects (like the Ghettos) actually were. I didnt, which was another reason why I choose to cover all the major topics. 1 Background, factors and long term causes to the Holocaust The formation and growth of Hitler and the Nazi party Read MoreViolence : Violence And Violence2203 Words   |  9 Pagesguilt, shame, and depression. Many victims to PTSD also become a victim of suicide. One’s battle is never over, even after the war, all due to the result of such violence. Canh Xuan Ha participated in the Vietnam War when he was 18. He was drafted in by the Viet Cong, though he did want to defend his country. The researcher’s father did not agree with the government and state of the country, but there was no way to escape. It was either fight, or be deemed as a traitor and be killed. While in theRead MoreForrest Gump as the Modern Day Fairytale Essay4165 Words   |  17 Pageswe all want to run away in our lives, jenny lives this nightmare. The woman then dodges a car, this sign of danger represents the danger Jenny inflicted upon herself, pushing her body to the limit, and causing her to contemplate suicide. In the background behind Forrest there is war memorial, this is significant because Forrest fought in the Vietnam War and all of lieutenant Dans ancestors had died in previous wars. The feathers symbolic passage finishes when

Essay on Distance Education - 1173 Words

Distance Education Since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution in the nineteenth century, advances in technology have provided people with the means for a new form of education, known today as distance education. In recent decades, the wondrous array of electronic communications technology has given distance education new status. It seems to have something to offer almost everyone. It is now a normal form of education for those in employment, for homemakers and for those who choose not to go to schools or universities for the purpose of learning. In response to this interest, institutions of distance education attempt to provide for their students a complete education system, from enrollment to examination, that is equal in†¦show more content†¦And in a discussion of distance education definitions, Keegan (1986) defines distance education proposing five criteria: (1) the quasi-permanent separation of teacher and learner throughout the length of the learning process; this distinguishes it from conventional face-to-face education. (2) the influence of an educational organization both in the planning and preparation of learning materials and in the provision of student support services; this distinguishes it from private study and teach-yourself programs. (3) the use of technical media; print, audio, video or computer, to unite teacher and learner and carry the content of the course. (4) the provision of two-way communication so that the student may benefit from or even initiate dialogue; this distinguishes it from other uses of technology in education. (5) the quasi-permanent absence of the learning group throughout the length of the learning process sot that people are usually taught as individuals and not in groups, with the possibility of occasional meetings for both informative and socialization purposes. Simply put, distance education can be seen as formal instruction in which a majority of the teaching occurs while the educator and learner are at a distance from one another. Distance education is carried out by an organization that develops educational media to unite teacher and learner and provides appropriateShow MoreRelatedFice Of Distance Education1121 Words   |  5 Pagesbenefits for each of these styles of learning. The Ohio State University should become a blended school in order to capitalize on the strengths of both forms of schooling, and recently they have taken steps in this direction. The Office of Distance Education and eLearning is a recently adopted strategy at OSU as an attempt to aid students from foreign countries in keeping up with other students. The ODEE is primarily utilized as a resource for students in which English is a second language. HistoricallyRead MoreThe Impact Of Distance Education On Education2180 Words   |  9 Pagestechnology helped form a new type of education. This type of education is an alternative to the more traditional approach to education. Some individuals oppose the new form of learning stating that it is ineffective. While those who favor it assert that it’s a type of learning that is beneficial to students. This new form of learning commonly occurs exclusively through cyberspace and is referred to as distance education. Distance education is a type of education that combines typical teaching methodsRead MoreFice Of Distance Education1110 Words   |  5 Pagesbenefits for each of these styles of learning. The Ohio State University should become a blended school in order to capitalize on the strengths of both forms of schooling, and recently they have taken steps in this direction. The Office of Distance Education and eLearning is a recently adopted strategy at OSU as an attempt to aid students from foreign countries in keeping up with other students. The ODEE is primarily utilized as a resource for students in which English is a second language. HistoricallyRead MoreOnline Education Is A Type Of Distance Learning1142 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Online education is a type of distance learning that involves taking college courses without attending the campus. Instead students and professors interact over the Internet. It utilizes the Internet or video conferencing to create learning communities. Course materials are provided on a Web site and are occasionally found on CD-ROM; email, bulletin boards, forums, and chat rooms are used to interact with other students and teachers. (â€Å"Online Learning?† 2015) In 1873 the first officialRead MoreDistance Education Essay1547 Words   |  7 PagesDistance education has changed and grown a lot from external studies and correspondence education during the last century. Distance education has become a recognized phenomenon today, thanks to technology which has shortened the physical distances. DEVELOPMENT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION The evolution of Distance education could be divided in four periods. The first period was from 1850 to 1960, this generation used correspondence classes which used radio and instructional television. The secondRead More Distance Education Essay2074 Words   |  9 PagesDistance Education The American Education System over the years is developing a new way of schooling. Many colleges are resorting to this type of learning which is called Distance Education. Distance Education is possible through the new advancements and technologies of computers. This new ideal learning has beneficial and negatives attributes, raises the differences between teaching in a classroom verses distance education, key players that are involved and schools who are offering thisRead MoreDistance Education Means Online Education812 Words   |  4 Pagesin the 21st century, distance education means online education, the use of the Internet to create a computer-based learning connection between instructor and student (Larreamendy-Joerns Leinhardt, 2006). In today’s increasingly technological world, nearly 70% of top academic leaders agree that online learning is part of the academic world’s future, and as of 2013, nearly 1/3 of higher education students were enrolled in an online course (Kentnor, 2015). Although distance education’s rapid evolutionRead More Distance Education Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesDistance Education Distance education is a process that creates and provides access to learning when time and distance separate the source of information and the learners(Zhang, 1998, p.1). Distance education defies time and space and can help create a virtual schoolhouse, or a ‘classroom without walls’(Wheat, 1998, p.1). The need to take the distance out of education has not been driven largely by sheer need to bridge physical separations. It has been based mainly on providing accessRead MoreThe Education Of Distance Education929 Words   |  4 PagesToday when one hears words like online learning or distance education, thoughts of digitized content, and images of different types of technological media frequently come to mind. However, traditionally it has been revealed that distance education is actually not a new phenomenon at all. Historically speaking one could actually uncover that distance education was practiced in the United States in the form of correspondence schools as early as the eighteenth century. In fact, one of the firstRead MoreHow Distance Education Works And As Well1611 Words   |  7 Pageswill know why and how distance education works and as well we will reflect on the elements that provide the technological means to this teaching. Elements that must be taken into account in pedagogy, learning and communication. We will also enter †¦the topic of analyzing the history of distance education and how resources have been evolved over time. Also we will have a look on all stages in the field of technology and how this was modifying, modernizing and facilitating distance learning. On the other

Business Contemporary Project Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Business Contemporary Project Management. Answer: Introduction This case study assignment seeks to identify issues related to non-implementation of project management methodologies faced by project managers at Cocable Company. The project in question is a delivery of four custom rapid prototype (RP) machines for Cocable Company by Frank Billings who founded a company in RP design business. The stakeholders of the project are a sub-contractor - Frank Billings; Cocable Company, and customer GE. In terms of the project life cycle, the problem resulting in a need for change occurred at the planning phase, namely setting requirements. The first lesson to be learned is to focus more on the scope management as one the knowledge areas in cases when a projects final product is to be custom-built. In particular, in order to identify requirements, it is important to make sure the measurements are first taken before the machinery arrives [4]. For example, project management methodologies regarding project scope planning defines that the first step is to collect requirement [1]. The case gives an understanding why collecting requirement is a crucial step of project scope planning. Collecting requirement is the process of identifying what are the needs of stakeholders. The lesson learnt from the case is that it is important to collect requirements as it gives the project members a full picture of the project objectives. The second lesson learnt from the case is to ensure that the stakeholders commitment to the project is reflected in a detailed plan, which is agreed upon by all stakeholders. This lesson is similar to the project management methodologies applied to the second phase of the project life cycle project planning [6]. In practice, this lesson would mean a detailed plan where necessary specs are identified. In particular, had the proper measurements been taken, had all measurements been correct then the machinery would have fit and no problems would have occurred. The measurements on the RP machines maxed out around 55 inches wherein the space needed was 62 inches [1]. This seven-inch difference resulted in increased costs of the project due to a lack of measurement and communications. Due to a lack of organisation at the planning phase of the project, it is the responsibility of Cocable Company to pay for changes in order to build new RP machines that will fit necessary specs [2]. Cocable Company provided Frank with the specs that were not agreed upon with GE. This excludes Frank from any responsibility to pay for changes. GE should not be held accountable for paying for changes as the customer made only one initial request of 62 inches. Contrary, Cocable Company has failed to inquire about needed information from the customer, GE. This resulted in the companys failing to inform Frank Billings of the necessary specs. The company purchased the product and failed to communicate the proper specs to Frank Billings, who would have designed and manufactured an appropriate RP machine [4]. Therefore, it is the responsibility of Cocable Company to pay for changes, including already manufactured machines, new machines that are to be manufactured, and any costs relating to t he delays of the project. Recommendations First of all, the project scope should have had a better and more organized planning. The project life cycle should have been executed more properly. No problem occurred at imitating phase, as stakeholders constituted their commitment to the project in the broad terms [3]. The same cannot be said about planning phase, where stakeholders failed to develop an entire detailed plan. According to PMBOK, a project can be regarded successful when it achieves its objectives [2]. However, in this case the objectives of the project were hardly set, as specifications were unclear to Frank Billings. Thus, GE should have articulated the requirements of RP machines in a more comprehensive manner. The second mistake was made by Cocable Company as it failed to inquire about needed specs. The company should have contacted GE one more time just to verify the necessary specs of RP machines [5]. The company failed to gather the correct measurements, thus forfeiting any chance of the machines being in correct measurement and calibration. Cocable Company should not have communicated Frank regarding the development of RP machines, without having assured the actual requirements needed by GE first [4]. In the future, Cocable Company should ask questions relating to the customers needs and place itself in the customers situation in order to collect requirements. Conclusion In conclusion, mistakes were made that at the planning phase of the project life cycle that could have been avoided, should project management methodologies have been followed. The main cause of projects failure were poorly identified and imprecise requirements of four RP design machines. If Cocable Company and Frank were diligent in adhering to the project management methodology of setting requirements, then none of the problems would ever happen. References Frame, J. Davidson. "Case Studies in Project, Program, and Organizational Project Management."Project Management Journal43, no. 2 (2012): 103-103. Schwalbe, Information technology project management (6th ed.). Course Technology, 2010. Kerzner, Harold.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons, 2013. Milosevic, Dragan Z., Peerasit Patanakul, and Sabin Srivannaboon.Case studies in project, program, and organizational project management. John Wiley Sons, 2010. Mir, Farzana Asad, and Ashly H. Pinnington. "Exploring the value of project management: linking project management performance and project success."International journal of project management32, no. 2 (2014): 202-217. J. Kloppenborg, Contemporary Project Management: Organize, Plan and Perform, South-Western Cengage Learning, 2012.

Bmw Swot Analysis free essay sample

Logo-BMW’s white-and-blue logo is recognizable worldwide, and recalls the company’s start as an aircraft engine manufacturer. It symbolizes a pilot’s view through a propeller as alternating white and blue segments. †¢Most successful multi-brand premium car manufacturer-BMW has three brands, BMW, MINI, and Rolls-Royce. They delivered 141,952 BMW, MINI and Rolls-Royce automobiles in 2007 and sales increased by 7. 4% from the previous year. †¢Super luxury Rolls Royce car-The Rolls-Royce phantom holds the number one position in the super-luxury car segment. The Phantom was launched in 1993, and the final assembly, as well as all-wood and leatherwork are custom made for each customers individual specifications. The plant where they are produced, the Goodwood plant in England, contains only two robots to paint the space frame body; all other work is done by hand, in keeping with the Rolls-Royce tradition. †¢Spends one of the highest revenues on RD-BMW Group employs about 8,000 people worldwide within the research development (RD) network and has invested millions of dollars over the years. We will write a custom essay sample on Bmw Swot Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They employ engineers, designers, model builders, computer experts, and scientists of various disciplines FIZ co-ordinates and optimize research activities across the group to create the BMW cars of the future. †¢Brand-BMW ranked in the top 20 most recognized global brands. BMW is now the only multi-brand automaker that utilizes a pure, premium brand strategy. The objective behind this strategy is to generate higher income per vehicle on the basis of products with a high intrinsic value and a strong brand image. Their brand ranked number 15 in 2006. Longevity-Bavarian Motor Works (BMW) was formed in 1916 after two small aircraft engine manufacturers merged. In 1923, BMW began to build motorcycles, then its first car in 1928. †¢Driving School-Many manufacturers have associations with driving schools; BMW runs its own. The BMW Performance Center, adjacent to the BMW Manufacturing facility in Spartanburg, attracts owners and prospects from around the country for an ultimate br and experience. †¢Sales-BMW is one among the leading players in the premium cars segment. It achieved a record sales volume of 1,373,970 units in 2006. BMW is ranked among the ten largest car producers globally. Awards/Recognition-Reflecting BMWs commitment to developing quality and innovative products, the company has been honored with several awards in the past. For example, BMW was presented with the Design Award of the Federal Republic of Germany in February 2006 for the BMW 6 Series Coupe and Convertible models. Presented by the German Design Council, the award was the highest official German design award. Following this, the MINI model of the company won the Golden Steering Wheel 2006 award in seven out of 15 categories, ten days ahead of its official market launch in November 2006. Formula 1-BMW won its first Formula 1 championship in 1983 using a four cylinder, 1. 5-liter production based engine. Of course it was turbocharged and could develop well over 1,000 horsepower, some say over 1,500 for short periods of time. BMW continues to field a Formula 1 team because it provides the ultimate in competition and thus the ultimate in learning for BMW. †¢Excellence through quality innovation-BMW Group’s success is its strategic focus on developing customer-friendly innovations, coupled with an approach to innovations management that is unique within the motor industry Customize your own car-BMW has the option of seeing a sample of the car you’d like by selecting different options such as the color of interior design and exterior design, the wheels, the model etc. †¢Intelligent processes-the COSP(Customer oriented sales and production process) bases production on the customer’s customized version and not by company standards. They employ 70,000 workers in 23 different locations to build the customized cars. A customer can change or alter the options and style of the car right before it goes into production. †¢Environment-friendly-BMW considers environmental and recycling requirements. They use recycled products to build cars. They have environmental standards for all the plants throughout the world. They build cars that lower the amount of fuel consumption. †¢Superior technology and development of new products BMW is doing this is by developing a hybrid engine as part of a global alliance. The aim of this development is known as a â€Å"two-mode† hybrid vehicle, combining a combustion engine with two electronic engines. This design is aimed towards improving the performance, fuel consumption, emissions and range of conventional hybrid vehicles. The primary goal of modern hybrid systems is to save fuel. †¢Commitment to customers BMWs’ main goal is to focus on getting the product to the customer as quickly as possible. BMW has a program known as the â€Å"Customer oriented sales and production process. † This way, the customer is able to make any last minute changes to the equipment and accessories they’ve ordered shortly before the vehicle goes to assembly-without delaying the date of delivery. †¢Design Work design process of building vehicles is done by California Innovation Triangle. This state of the art firm uses computers to help aid the process of design. The highlight of this facility is what the industry has begun to call â€Å"the model plate. † The model plate is a measurement system that transfers the contours of the object being scanned to computers where a 3D model is produced. The designers can then go in and make changes to the object through the computer in order to make the part as suitable for its intended use as possible. What makes this machine so rare is the size of object that can be scanned. The model plate can scan very large object, up to the size of an omnibus. With the use of this technology BMW and California Innovation Triangle are able to layout and design entire vehicles piece by piece. †¢Involvement in community South Africa serves as good example of BMW’s social commitment. BMW works to bring change from within by enacting equality in the workface, and investing not only in the business, but also in education, healthcare and recreational facilities for employees. The factory at Rosslyn, near Pretoria, evolved from a CKD facility to serve the old South Africa, into a sophisticated facility that is now part of BMW’s international production-distribution network. This risk BMW took provided South Africa the ability to export. And in 2002, the South African factory captured the J. D. Power and Associates gold award for initial production quality. †¢Environmental commitment BMW factories meet the demanding ISO 14001 environmental standards worldwide. This is not only true for the oldest BMW factory in the city of Munich and at 10 year old American plant in Spartanburg, South Carolina, but also with new factories in emerging and less regulated markets like Thailand and Russia. Excellence through quality innovation-BMW Group’s success is its strategic focus on developing customer-friendly innovations, coupled with an approach to innovations management that is unique within the motor industry. From features like the twin-flat motorcycle engine, V-shaped overhead valves, and hemispherical combustion chambers introduced on the classics of the 1920s and 30s, to modern technology including ABS brakes, Xenon lights, smart airbags, the head protection system, Valvetronic and iDrive, BMW constantly reinforces its credibility as a premium manufacturer Management-Chief executive, Norbert Reithofer, who took office on September 1, will be seeking to build on the Bavarians’ global momentum. Reithofer has a brilliant track record as head of production, such as combining lean manufacturing and Japanese-like continual improvement with benchmark flexibility for a premium automaker which gives BMW a big cost advantage over leading competition and making it tough for competitors like Mercedes to gain any ground. †¢Young customer base-With the Mini and series 3, BMW has a significant dvantage of gaining younger and first time purchasers over other luxury brands. The youth market is critically important because if a young buyer chooses a particular brand for a first car, he or she is more than likely to buy others with the same name plate as they mature and move up in the market. Even though buyers in the 16-35 age category only accounted for a small percentage of overall sales it is important to gain there sales because as the old marketing principle goes it is easier to keep a customer than to gain new ones. WEAKNESSES †¢New Models-Is it really worth developing new models? It entails expenses along with shipping prices. Each day BMW is striving to produce and develop new cars to satisfy the customers. In the long run, who actually knows if these cars are going to be a big hit. The company might actually be wasting their time and money in producing a model that will not be worthwhile. When developing and producing cars it is important to decipher whether or not the car will become one that is popular on the market. †¢BMW’s heavy cost German base. -More and more competitors are shifting product development activities to lower cost countries. BMW could be forced to negotiate a way to maintain cost competitiveness and its reputation for German engineering excellence made in different countries. †¢Price-Another weakness of the BMW industry is getting the customers to buy these cars. Yes, the hybrid vehicle will save you fuel, but it will be so expensive that it might be hard trying to find customers to buy them at such a high price. Another reason the price of the vehicle is so high is because they are shipped across the United States and also come from a factory in Germany. The expenses of the vehicles and the shipping rate are two key weaknesses that many companies must work with. †¢Motorcycle Sales-The European market accounts for more than 60% of BMWs motorcycle sales on an average. The group is heavily dependent on this region with Germany being one of the largest markets for its motorcycles business. With the demand in Germany being highly inconsistent in the past six years, this high dependence on a particular region can have an adverse effect on the companys sales, during periods of demand stagnation in the region. For example, BMWs motorcycle sales in Germany declined by 9. % to 24,064 units in 2005, which further declined to 23,617 units in 2006. †¢Corporate image-too serious ad tradition-bound. †¢Hybrid Prices-These types of cars will save you a lot of money on fuel, but the problem BMW is having trouble with is pricing the hybrids. It would be hard for BMW to find customers that would buy the hybrids at a high cost. †¢Ship ment Cost-Most of the cars are shipped from Germany to the United States. The shipping cost would affect the price of the car. This is one the expenses that the BMW company’s would have to deal with in pricing their vehicles for the customers satisfaction. Online Strategies-BMW is not winning the â€Å"information war† in the market place about its own customers, their attitudes, complaints, wishes, etc. BMW is not operating in a manner, which acts to â€Å"include† its customers including their meeting and information sharing sources. Existing online efforts do not meet consumer needs. There is a lack of â€Å"human intelligence† and an over-reliance on visual marketing in BMW’s on-line strategies. †¢Dealer Networks-BMW’s dealer network is in the midst of great change. Overall basic product margins are down while business infrastructure requirements are up. Many dealers do not feel that the field reps are there to help them build their business but rather just to comment arbitrarily and deliver business change requirements from BMW headquarters. There is a problem with two way information flow in the distributor-dealer relationship. Dealers feel that they are not being listened to and are also not being serviced in critical areas of their business by BMWNA staff. †¢Management-Dealers want to be able to discuss key elements of their business given their limited capital resources. Given the size and nature of he motorcycle market many dealers feel that BMW’s current policies are overly restrictive to the healthy development of their business and that BMWNA should operate in a more flexible manner which could be seen as co-development of a dealer’s franchise not just top-down management by memo. †¢Changing Consumer Environments-Also, as it appears that BMW’s dealer strategy is to move to larger centralized â €˜corporate style’ stores, many of the smaller ‘mom and pop’ dealerships that historically or currently serve a key segment of the BMW owners/riders are being alienated and/or eliminated. By following this policy of upgrade or be eliminated BMW is removing both the habitat in which the consumers live as well as the knowledge base and support structure from which they engage in BMW oriented motorcycle commerce. OPPORTUNITIES †¢India-The Company has been launching several new initiatives and has been widening its product base since 2001. The company expects ample growth opportunities in India, and it is keen on expanding its bases in these countries. †¢The expansion of the euro. -In May 2004 more countries adopted the euro making it the world’s biggest trading block. This offers ample opportunities for BMW to leverage its strong European position in the premium car segment to gather more market share across new and expanding markets. †¢A Chinese luxury car market-Rigorous attempt to get into the Chinese luxury car market signifies an increase in the earnings of the company over the coming years. China already ranks as the third largest market for BMW’s 7 Series luxury limousines. BMW predicts that vigorous growth will place China among the company’s seven largest markets in a few more years. †¢Diesel Power-BMW foresees an immense opportunity in the diesel-powered cars segment. Tourism-the Zentrum building is located in South Carolina. This gives tourists the opportunity to take a look at the history of BMW, also at the cars, the speed and innovation free of charge. It is the only BMW museum in the United States. It is also located next to the only BMW manufacturing plant in the United States. BMW should take a look into bu ilding more museums throughout the world. †¢Expansion-although BMW is very successful they should think about expanding their manufacturing plants throughout the United States and other countries. They only have one location in the United States which is in South Carolina. †¢Have the best and most current technology-It is important for BMW to have the best research and development staff where they can keep the company up-to-date with technology. With the latest technology and supplies, BMW can create the best cars the fastest and most efficient way possible. †¢Broaden information sharing -BMW should broaden information sharing amongst their dealers, distributors, and factory. This will improve product repair knowledge resulting in improved customer service and satisfaction. Improve and run their business based on their business plan-Improving the capabilities of dealers to sell more BMW products in the marketplace through refinement of their business plan †¢Utilize the Internet more-Multiply the value of the ‘human capital’ in the BMW network by â€Å"e-knowledge† and â€Å"e-training. † †¢Better training of their salespeople-Deve lopment and implementation of business practices that harness the best of each individual dealer and make their unique market position/skills a valuable part of the entire network. Partnering with Sirius Radio-In 2005, BMW partnered with Sirius Satellite Radio to promote its new 3-serious car for 44 days. BMW used Sirius to promote its new car because the radio station had 1. 24 million subscribers and still growing. On the final day of promotion it broadcasted a live concert with various artists. †¢Acquiring Volvo-The chairman of BMW, Dr. Norbert Reithofer, is plan on expanding the business with a fourth brand name, Volvo. Although sales of Volvo has been slow in the North American and Europe, its brand name focuses mainly on safety and its fashion appeal is not attractive to the eye. BMW could help out by acquiring the company to make it a more global brand, also in the Asian Market. †¢Apple iPhone-The new Apple iPhone is one of the next best things of phones. It is a touch screen phone with a built in iPod. This would give BMW the opportunity to integrate the iPhone into their cars. †¢China market-An opportunity for BMW is the increase in the luxury automobile market in china. The most significant growth of the luxury market can be attributed to Jiangsu province which has created an 84 percent increase. Next to Jiangsu is Guangdong, making 79 percent recorded growth in the market. On the other hand, Zhejiang province also bagged a 54 percent increase. THREATS †¢Demand Patterns-BMW operates in an industry that is prone to cyclical demand patterns due to consumer wants and needs. †¢Currency-Any unfavorable trend in Euro valuation against major currencies can hurt BMWs performance. †¢Fuel Efficiency-While BMW continues to work on high performance, clean and efficient gasoline engines, the company is also committed to a green-house-gas- free hydrogen powered vehicle as a long-term strategy. At this time we have an active development program that will enable us still to bring to market a full size automobile, propelled with hydrogen, before the end of the decade. †¢The continuing decline of the dollar against the euro-This threatens to undercut BMW’s top-line thereby tempering its profitability. The euro to one-dollar ratio has dropped from 0. 702626 euros to 0. 690376 euros from October to November. †¢The rising price of raw materials -Materials such as steel threaten to offset the company’s earnings. BMW continues to face the rising cost of raw materials as the key challenge to maintain and improve their growth performance. The annual average market price of aluminum, copper and plastic rose by 34%, 76% and 13%, respectively, in 2006. Likewise, the price of industrial raw materials also increased by more than 30% in 2006. †¢Rising gas prices – with a weak U. S. market, steadily rising gas prices and gaining popularity in non-luxury vehicles there is the temptation to move down market. Bmw Swot Analysis free essay sample The Phantom was launched in 1993, and the final assembly, as well as all-wood and leatherwork are custom made for each customers individual specifications. The plant where they are produced, the Goodwood plant in England, contains only two robots to paint the space frame body; all other work is done by hand, in keeping with the Rolls-Royce tradition. †¢Spends one of the highest revenues on RD-BMW Group employs about 8,000 people worldwide within the research development (RD) network and has invested millions of dollars over the years. They employ engineers, designers, model builders, computer experts, and scientists of various disciplines FIZ co-ordinates and optimize research activities across the group to create the BMW cars of the future. †¢Brand-BMW ranked in the top 20 most recognized global brands. BMW is now the only multi-brand automaker that utilizes a pure, premium brand strategy. The objective behind this strategy is to generate higher income per vehicle on the basis of products with a high intrinsic value and a strong brand image. We will write a custom essay sample on Bmw Swot Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their brand ranked number 15 in 2006. Longevity-Bavarian Motor Works (BMW) was formed in 1916 after two small aircraft engine manufacturers merged. In 1923, BMW began to build motorcycles, then its first car in 1928. †¢ Driving School-Many manufacturers have associations with driving schools; BMW runs its own. The BMW Performance Center, adjacent to the BMW Manufacturing facility in Spartanburg, attracts owners and prospects from around the country for an ultimate brand experience. †¢Sales-BMW is one among the leading players in the premium cars segment. It achieved a record sales volume of 1,373,970 units in 2006. BMW is ranked among the ten largest car producers globally. Awards/Recognition-Reflecting BMWs commitment to developing quality and innovative products, the company has been honored with several awards in the past. For example, BMW was presented with the Design Award of the Federal Republic of Germany in February 2006 for the BMW 6 Series Coupe and Convertible models. Presented by the German Design Council, the award was the highest official German design award. Following this, the MINI model of the company won the Golden Steering Wheel 2006 award in seven out of 15 categories, ten d ays ahead of its official market launch in November 2006. Formula 1-BMW won its first Formula 1 championship in 1983 using a four cylinder, 1. 5-liter production based engine. Of course it was turbocharged and could develop well over 1,000 horsepower, some say over 1,500 for short periods of time. BMW continues to field a Formula 1 team because it provides the ultimate in competition and thus the ultimate in learning for BMW. †¢Excellence through quality innovation-BMW Group’s success is its strategic focus on developing customer-friendly innovations, coupled with an approach to innovations management that is unique within the motor industry Customize your own car-BMW has the option of seeing a sample of the car you’d like by selecting different options such as the color of interior design and exterior design, the wheels, the model etc. †¢Intelligent processes-the COSP(Customer oriented sales and production process) bases production on the customer’s customized version and not by company standards. They employ 70,000 workers in 23 different locations to build the customized cars. A customer can change or alter the options and style of the car right before it goes into production. †¢Environment-friendly-BMW considers environmental and recycl ing requirements. They use recycled products to build cars. They have environmental standards for all the plants throughout the world. They build cars that lower the amount of fuel consumption. †¢Superior technology and development of new products BMW is doing this is by developing a hybrid engine as part of a global alliance. The aim of this development is known as a â€Å"two-mode† hybrid vehicle, combining a combustion engine with two electronic engines. This design is aimed towards improving the performance, fuel consumption, emissions and range of conventional hybrid vehicles. The primary goal of modern hybrid systems is to save fuel. †¢Commitment to customers BMWs’ main goal is to focus on getting the product to the customer as quickly as possible. BMW has a program known as the â€Å"Customer oriented sales and production process. † This way, the customer is able to make any last minute changes to the equipment and accessories they’ve ordered shortly before the vehicle goes to assembly-without delaying the date of delivery. †¢Design Work design process of building vehicles is done by California Innovation Triangle. This state of the art firm uses computers to help aid the process of design. The highlight of this facility is what the industry has begun to call â€Å"the model plate. † The model plate is a measurement system that transfers the contours of the object being scanned to computers where a 3D model is produced. The designers can then go in and make changes to the object through the computer in order to make the part as suitable for its intended use as possible. What makes this machine so rare is the size of object that can be scanned. The model plate can scan very large object, up to the size of an omnibus. With the use of this technology BMW and California Innovation Triangle are able to layout and design entire vehicles piece by piece. †¢Involvement in community South Africa serves as good example of BMW’s social commitment. BMW works to bring change from within by enacting equality in the workface, and investing not only in the business, but also in education, healthcare and recreational facilities for employees. The factory at Rosslyn, near Pretoria, evolved from a CKD facility to serve the old South Africa, into a sophisticated facility that is now part of BMW’s international production-distribution network.

Strategic Retail Management Essays

Strategic Retail Management Essays Strategic Retail Management Paper Strategic Retail Management Paper People need a lot of things from their basic things to their luxuries and wants. They turn to the sellers of the merchandise that they need. These sellers may be small retail business owners or big ones such as a department store. Retailing is an important feature of the economy in distributing goods and services from the producers to the people who need them. Retailers usually purchase large amounts of goods from producers, manufacturers or from wholesalers. A quick glance at the supply chain from the production factories would reveal that retailers are at the bottom rung of the chain. Retail stores or shops are usually located where the people are. If people will have to travel long distances just to go to retailers, their business will not grow. Since retail shops are where people go to for their basic needs, they usually develop a connection with their favorite shops. Not a few develop loyalty to the shops they frequently go to. The Retail Environment There are different kinds of retail environments that people may go to. Traditionally sellers and buyers converge on markets. Markets, however, have been supplanted by the rise of malls and big supermarkets. Some retail environments may be in the form of stores where an attendant gets what the customer wants. There are also self-service shops where the customers just get what they want and then pay at the cashier. In stores and shops, however, what can be noted is that the traffic of people never stops. There is interaction most of the time. The retail environment is a place where the economic relationships of people can be highlighted. Yet, such relationships are not only economic, both buyers and sellers may also develop social connections through the retail environment (Berman Evans, 2006). Morale and Motivation at the Retail Environment The morale and motivation of the workers in a retail environment is very important to its operations. A motivated workforce will mean that they will also transfer that motivation to the customers that will visit the shop. In order to facilitate this, the workers at the retail shop should enjoy certain benefits and privileges. In this regard, the retail environment should have clear role perceptions, motivation from the manager or owner, and ability, which can be enhanced through training (Weitz, Sujan, and Sujan, 1986). If the management of the retail shop can ensure the motivation of its workers, this would redound to better customer service to the consumers. In a study conducted by Kim, Kang and Kim (2005), they discovered that there are several dimensions of retail shopping motivation from consumers, especially those who are older. They can either consume service, value and food or they can engage in shopping for diversion and leisurely appreciation of aesthetics. Through the model created by these researchers, they found out that people who are lonely and in need of social interaction tend to go to malls and retail shops. Through their experience at the retail shops, their loneliness can be lessened. In this regard, the workers of a shop can make buyers happier by helping them in value consumption and provide them good services (Kim, Kang Kim, 2005). Such kind of motivational spirit would work well if the workers themselves have motivation and if they have high morale. In times of sadness and loneliness, then the workers at the retail shop could also help people become more cheerful. Retailing Trends for Small Businesses One of the most interesting developments in retail management is in two areas, both of them involving technology deeply. Supply chain management is now increasingly integrated with computer applications that enable store owners to manage their inventories more effectively. The technology is also becoming more affordable so even small businesses can afford it. With the availability of online applications, retail management has become more technologically dependent (Krafft Mantrala, 2005). Another important development in retailing is the increasing popularity of the Internet as the place to shop. With credit cards and online payment schemes, more and more people, especially the busy ones, are depending on the Internet and their credit cards for their purchases. If it is any indication, the success of Ebay and other online shopping sites have also led to the emergence of a new kind of entrepreneurs and retailers who are using the Internet in marketing their products. Whatever their products are, they are now able to reach out to a wide segment of buyers not only in their immediate vicinity but also to the whole world (Krafft Mantrala, 2005). This internationalization of retail management has an important impact on the operations of businesses as well as in their business model. With the integration of the Internet as an effective marketing arm, it supplements the traditional marketing media being used by retailers. The internet also helps small retail businesses to get in touch with their customers more quickly and instantaneously. In doing so, they can easily get feedback from them and act on such feedback right away. As such, the marketing aspect of retailing, the interfacing with customers, and the gathering of feedback becomes easier because of the Internet and other online applications. With the internalization of retailing, however, businesses need to think more creatively about their strategy in reaching out to their target market. Another important thing to think about is how to motivate and raise the morale of the customers similar to what they experience when they go to retail centers or to malls. Obviously, retailers also need to take into account the value added needs of the customers that would contribute to a better experience to them when they are shopping online or on site. Apparel shopping on the Internet has been growing in the past few years yet there are hesitations on the part of shoppers to buy clothing over the Internet. This is because of the perceived risks in buying items there. For one, buyers do not get the same visual and texture sensation when they shop on a store. They cannot try on an item of clothing shown online. Given this limitations, retailing through commerce should appeal to other aspects of the buyer experience (Park Stoel, 2002). The Future of Retail Retail management will not be relegated to the dustbins of history. Although economic recession may facilitate the rise and fall of different means of product distribution and retail management but as long as people need goods and services, retailing will remain as a key feature of the country’s economy. Yet the future of the retail industry is worth looking at. Dawson (2000) identified six major challenges to retail management. These challenges have to be addressed in order for retailers to thrive in their industry. The first one is about the challenges of growing and â€Å"bigness†. Big supermarkets and retail chains are on the rise and these industry giants are undermining the small-time players. As such, small and medium businesses should think of creative ways to survive the intense competition. Secondly, brands are highly arbitrary, always in flux and subject to constant change. Choosing which brands to market and distribute may be a crucial issue for retailers. Another challenge would be the over-capacity of the space for retailing. This would refer to the need for careful management of space and buildings of retailers to ensure that both aesthetics and functionality are ensured. In addition to this, changes in the products and services being marketed tend to be abrupt and turbulent. Even the tastes and preferences of consumers can easily change. Retailers therefore should be quick to understand the dynamics of the market so they can prepare for difficulties and problems along the way. The past decade has seen the rise of outsourcing and offshoring in the discussion of business models, processes and services. The challenge that retailers need to address in this area is achieving the balance between internalization and outsourcing of functions. Outsourcing may be an option for businesses but if overdone, it could easily be a source of fragmentation in the business and the loss of trade secrets. Lastly, retailing through e-commerce is yet to prove itself as effective. In order to deal with these challenges, Dawson (2000) recommends several areas that retailers need to look at. One is making the retail firm relevant to the times and to the changing preferences of consumers. There should also be an effective assessment of the risks that the retail firm faces. Another important aspect is to remodel the organization, establish an effective means of gathering knowledge, which will help in development the corporate culture of the firm. Competition is definitely a big issue in retailing. As such, effective strategies should be devised to deal with globalization and competition from large scale companies such as Wal-Mart (Dawson, 2000). Conclusion Retailing will remain as a very important feature of the country’s economy. Actual retailing helps customers with their needs for various products and services. Retailing also gives consumers value added. Through the act of being at the retailer’s shop or store, the loneliness and sadness of certain people can be alleviated. This is not something that people can easily enjoy in huge shopping complexes and warehouses. In spite of big challenges in the retail industry, there are still those that manage to survive. There are also those, however, that cannot cope with the difficulties of the industry and are forced to close or to seek for ways to mitigate their losses. Wendy’s Hamburger has experienced losses in the last two years or so. Some of its stores are no longer visited by customers. Big franchises of the hamburger chain also closed down. Some of the most notable ones are those that are in Australia. Likewise, fifty Wendy’s locations were closed in the United States just recently. This trend could be attributed to intense competition from other hamburger retail chains most notably, McDonalds. More importantly, though, the chain was not able to create a brand name for itself similar to BigMac or Whopper (Wolf, 2007). Retailers can learn valuable lesson from this. Branding is very important in facing the intense and uncertain competition in the world of retailing. Retail management is a difficult business but if the trends in the market can be anticipated, then the right action can be done to make the business thrive.

A comparison of the communities in THE BELL by Iris Murdoch and THE Essay

A comparison of the communities in THE BELL by Iris Murdoch and THE SPIRE by William Golding - Essay Example Officially known as Sir William Gerard Golding, the author of The Spire was a prize winning British novelist who had written the famous novel titled Lord of the Flies. Little known facts about this author include his tenure in the war as well as his love for animals. Apart from the Booker Prize, Golding was famous for creating stories with people who were different in their very approach to life. He was also one of the few authors who supported the cause of Popular Science by openly subscribing to the belief system portrayed by Lock Ness Monster. (ww.wikipedia.com) Golding’s novels are a departure from the tried and tested in the sense that he portrays specific elements of what those states of being that most people may not ordinarily pay attention to. In his book, The Spire, Golding has told a deep and enchanting story of a spire waiting to be built. The Dean of the Cathedral, Jocelin, is a man of great conviction and even greater mysteries. This book is set in the times where religious fervour played a special role in people’s lives as far as their lifestyle and preferences were concerned. With the backdrop of such a setting, Golding tells the story of Jocelin and the spire he wants to built by tracing it in the form a journey that Jocelin embarks upon in order to indulge in unintentional soul searching as he follows a vision that he believes to have come to him from none other than the original source of existence – God. While his sometimes feverish pitch scares people, he also manages to spread a good amount of knowledge and enlightenment in an era when deviation from certain set theories regarding the Almighty and human beings, was shunned and avoided like the plague. With his bold ideas for following the vision, Jocelin becomes a visionary and paves the way for many changes and especially for the successful building and development of the spire which heralds his success as God’s own. In doing so,

Art Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Analysis - Essay Example His interest was focused on capturing the body movements so that he considered himself and preferred to be known more of a realist than an impressionist. Seurat on the other hand experimented on a new form of painting which was called pointillism because he used dots of colors to create a visual effect where primary colors placed near each other form the desired secondary colors. This experiment was inspired by his interest on color theories and the study of primary and secondary colors so that his style hugely contrasted the common manner of mixing colors on a palette. With the different styles of the two artists, obviously, their works have all been different although their thoughts placed into canvass both reflect features of impressionism. In Seurat’s A Sunday Afternoon, he tried to capture a photographic image of his subjects where the movements of the people are meticulously considered, interpreting even their facial expressions. As mentioned earlier, he used the concept of optical illusion where the viewers’ eyes seem to ‘mix’ the colors to form his desired color combinations with the use of dots of primary colors. Therefore, there are no traces of brush strokes in his work. Lines and curves have all been dependent on his skill and patience in making the painting. Looking more intently at the painting, one could just imagine the time spent in creating it, the care and painstaking effort exerted on the work. Seurat used the bright colors yellow and red as well as the cool colors green and blue, creating a lively sce ne at the island. He also used other colors for other objects and subjects in the painting, making use of a wide variety of colors. In contrast to Seurat, Degas formed his Ballet Rehearsal at the Set through brush strokes specially using thin lines to express the forms of his subjects. He used a mixture of long and short thin lines to define his thoughts placed into canvass, making every part of the painting detailed. One that could be

E-Learning Sites Essay Example for Free

E-Learning Sites Essay E-learning has emerged as a revolutionizing concept in 21st century. It has given numerous opportunities to educational institutes and students in the form of flexibility, construction of knowledge and knowledge transfer using electronic media components. Contemporary services are more in need of e-learning facilities especially for educational institutes that aim at providing convenience and flexibility to students with better accessibility to course material/information content. E-learning websites have popularity due to its enormous benefits to individuals; however, raised several ethical and social issues that need to be addressed. E-Learning Sites Growth of internet and advancement in technology integration for supporting application processes has provided an opportunity to educational institutes to move towards e-learning educational facilities. E-learning sites provide user accessibility to course material from diverse places that increases the flexibility and information sharing capabilities of system. Majority of universities have developed e-learning management systems for its students that have multiple advantages both to university and students (Stair, 2008). These learning management systems involve the integration of technology and communication medium to enhance learning processes. Students have access to electronic features routing them to information sharing, customizability of information, presence of electronic contents and downloading features for supporting advance and better learning processes. Considering the advantages of e-learning sites several issues in dimensions of ethics, social, and professional principles arise that require evaluating the functionality and viability of e-learning sites. These issues place consideration on information system developers for proper analyzability and management to restrain the system effectiveness from potential risks associated with such issues. A number of social, ethical and professional issues have arisen concerning the development of e-learning sites for a university. These issues include the exercise of power, data quality, access to data and system, privacy and data protection, intellectual property rights of material available on website, plagiarism and copyright policy, prevention of fraudulent actions by users, equity for users, and impact of such information and communication system on the perception of individuals (Weert, 2003). E-learning Sites and Ethical Issues Electronic data is accessible to users irrespective of geographical boundaries. However, certain restrictions by regulatory authority may restrict the flow of traffic from specific IP locations. Development of e-learning sites although provided many benefits to individuals but also resulted in certain ethical implications for a professional. These ethical issues require proper management in order to maintain the practicability of system. It is essential for professional to analyze the component system of e-learning sites. Site should provide quality data to students based on their educational standard and need; such as availability of research papers and reference sections is being provided to university students. Data quality available on site must be proven for effective information and knowledge transfer ability to users that increase the understanding and enhance the knowledge level at better rate (Azari, 2003). Material available on e-learning websites is exposed to certain ethical challenges which include intellectual property rights; copy/pasting of text highlighting the principles of plagiarism, and use of owner’s content without his prior permission which directly affects the legal procedure for cyber theft crime (Azari, 2003). Such issues require maintaining the content material ownership rights and copyright policy in compliance with legal code of conduct. Students are given access to wider range of information and material content uploaded by teachers, and university management for students’ flexibility; such material content can be downloaded, easily transformed and integrated into other piece of content. This raises question on ethical responsibility of students for preserving the rights of material available on e-learning site and require considering it as theft, and cheating in case of plagiarised material (Weert, 2003). Cyber-technology provides accessibility to system development content which is exposed to serious threats for modification and alteration that reduces the effective functionality of such e-learning websites (Azari, 2003). Considering the role of e-learning sites in providing rich information benefit to students; viability issues raised on the ethical principles of information issue and subsequent loss risk for other student associated with such malpractices. E-learning Sites and Social Issues E-learning site development also encompasses certain social issues in relation to subjecting ethical obligations. System development professional must ensure that e-learning site for university does not result in discrimination at operative level. At some places, racial and cultural discrimination is observed by restricting the right of specific group to e-learning site (Adams McCrindle, 2008). This results in serious destructive behaviour by students affecting the reputation of university. Focus must be given to equity principles for users to e-learning site functions and materials irrespective of gender, racial or cultural differences. E-learning sites now offer advantages to student to share their views in blog’s section page on e-learning site. Such functionality components although are encouraging students to be productive in information and views sharing, but in some cases it create discrepancies among students behaviour which results in destructive behaviour action by students (Weert, 2003). It must be ensured that such blog section provides access to students only to filtered blog content. Perception of student is also influenced greatly by the information available on website and communication system that directly impact their behaviour and constructive attitude building. However, in consideration to that social issues strengthen concerning e-learning site; therefore, greater emphasis should be on formal aspects of education. Discriminatory behaviour must be restricted and equitable social practices must be adopted towards providing facility to students irrespective of their social class (Cross et al. , 2002). This would enhance the equity principle for learning and enhance the effectiveness of system. E-learning Sites and Professional Issues A number of professional issues are associated with e-learning sites development. First of all, security concern of sites must be addressed. Plagiarism, data theft, and unauthorized accessed to secure and restricted contents by users must be prevented through proper security system management (Bullen Janes, 2007). Professional issues enlarge concerning the prevention of fraudulent actions by users, and managing the access rights for specific group. Such as teachers panel must not be viewable to students, and students must have access to material only related their subjects. Customizability of features and privacy in relation to intellectual property rights advances the responsibility of professional towards addressing the ethical issues. E-learning sites encompass application system to foster easy access to information content for students. Professional must ensure that system procedure manual is easily conveyable to students and users while maintaining their privacy rights. Copyright policy must need to be formed to address the potential risk of plagiarism and copy/pasting of material irrespective of owner’s consent (Adams McCrindle, 2008). Related to this site security and content access must be proactive to potential harms and risks of modification by unidentified identity. Students are more oriented towards cracking the shortcut methods for doing their academic works especially assignments. Hence they prefer copying it from source that can not be detected from plagiarism detection software (Khan, 2005). Including to this, material available on e-learning sites can be changed and uploaded on other e-learning sites without consent of actual teacher especially presentation files. Professionals criticize this activity by claiming it as malpractices and direct theft on the intellectual property of teacher. Hence cyber crime act protect individuals (owners) from such activities and enforce legislations for preventing issues like unauthorized access to e-learning site material resources, protect intellectual property owner rights, and specifies code line for legal obligations on e-learning sites (Cross et al. , 2002). RECOMMENDATIONS Considering the issues specified in the above text following recommendation will enable managing the issues effectively. First of all, a specific user id and password must be assigned to all individuals on equality basis. To limit the unauthorized access student must be allowed to view only contents of courses in which he is registered. To protect the unauthorized use of owners’ material downloading option must be removed; only view feature for specific files will allow university to protect intellectual property rights and avoid plagiarism cases (Khan, 2005). Access to data can be secured through encryption of data content which will enable to access only limited feature and restrict the unwanted users to decrypt the high quality data content. In order to effectively manage the social issues associated with e-learning sites complete freedom must be given to students irrespective of their cultural/racial differences. E-learning site should encompass a protection feature to avoid fraudulent actions by users; document sharing feature by students must be refine and only approved featured responses/sharing documents by students must be allowed to visible on e-learning site for user flexibility (Adams McCrindle, 2008). CONCLUSION E-learning sites are attractive solutions for university to manage its need for information and learning material sharing with students. However, certain issues related to security, fraudulent actions, and malpractices by students such as plagiarism content reduce the effectiveness of such system. In order to effectively manage the ethical, professional and social issues for e-learning sites system developer must use contemporary techniques being used by other e-learning sites developers that not only maintains system security but also provides flexibility and customization feature to both students and faculty members while managing the issues related to intellectual property rights, plagiarism, and quality of data availability including accessibility based on equity rights. REFERENCES Adams, Andrew A. McCrindle, Rachel. (2008). Pandoras box: social and professional issues of the information age. Edition: 1. John Wiley and Sons Azari, Rasool. (2003). Current security management ethical issues of information technology. Edition: 1. Idea Group Inc. Bullen, Mark. Janes, Diane P. (2007). Making the transition to E-learning: strategies and issues. Edition: 1. Idea Group Inc. Cross, John A. et al. (2002). Implementing e-learning. Edition: 1. American Society for Training and Development Khan, Badrul Huda. (2005). Managing e-learning: design, delivery, implementation, and evaluation. Edition: 1. Idea Group Inc. Stair, Ralph M. (2008). Principles of Information Systems. Edition: 9. Cengage Learning Weert, Tom J. Munro, Robert K. (2003). Informatics and the digital society: social, ethical, and cognitive issues. Edition: 1. Springerlink

Drama piece using different extracts from other plays and social :: Drama

Drama piece using different extracts from other plays and social references from television programmes Drama essay one part two In our drama piece we are using different extract from other plays and social references from television programmes. We have also used song lyrics, which fitted the mood and context of the piece to inspire us and add to the drama. The portrayal in books and film has helped us to build up our characters and to see the reactions from the different times in which book like 'The cement garden' and films such as 'Girl, interrupted' are set. We used an extract of Macbeth's which we adapted to fit the performance using Lady Macbeth and the doctors lines, symbolising the problems as well as the cure all represented within one character shows the personality of the character, ie that she is self-aware, and tries to solve her own problems. The style and way it is performed as well as the difference in language makes it easily recognisable as Shakespeare, the genre is similar, with murder and influencing characters such as the Witches or our masked characters. Both Macbeth and our performance have an influential lead female, and also the male lead who is very confused with conflicting feelings. The times are very different; ours is modern whilst Macbeth is Shakespearian, written at the time of James I and was based on real characters, whilst ours is fictional. In Shakespearean times, Lady Macbeth would be washing her hands like our female character and may even be washing her hands in blood, this would all be on stage as Shakespeare likes the audience to see everything. Lady Macbeth is a very unstable character, similar to our female lead, and the washing of hands is a classic sign of mental instability. In The Crucible the style is quite different to our piece as there are much more main characters in The Crucible, but also similar because of the two female and one male relationship in both pieces. The Brother in our piece is similar to John Proctor, as they both have two love interests and choose the 'right' person. The Crucible is also set in early America, very different to our modern piece. The cultures at the time of The Crucible portray stereotypical views of young women and relationships and would look down on anything different. This is displayed within our performance with the brother being ashamed of himself for loving his sister; Proctor is also ashamed of his feelings for Abigail. We used songs with lyrics that fitted the mood and context of the scene and looked at the way incest is portrayed on television.

Boeing Case Study

Q1: How would you describe Boeing’s unethical culture. So called rotten to the core (5)? The unethical culture inside Boeing was widespread, and affected multiple geographic areas and there were cases across all divisions of such unethical behaviour. The promotion of the well-being of stakeholders was no longer being practised. Managers were no longer taking the claims of all stakeholders into consideration in their decision-making, and as such all stakeholder groups were at threat from this unethical behaviour, including the stockholders, employees, suppliers and distributors and the customers.The problem is that the relentless pursuit of self-interest was evident, and this seemingly led to a collective disaster inside the company, as one or more people started to profit from being unethical in the company, which likely encouraged other managers and employees to act in the same way. As a result, the efficiency and effectiveness of the company and its performance was compromis ed (e. g. failing to capitalise on cost savings initiatives).All in all, this resulted in reputation loss (e. g. humiliating ouster of Harry Stonecipher). As unethical behaviour was evident from the former CEO (affair with colleague) to his executive and other lower level managers (imprisoned employees), it is understandable and appropriate to refer to the culture and being ‘rotten to the core’. The culture that existed was simply unacceptable. Q2: What kind of factors resulted in Boeing’s unethical culture (10)?There are a number of factors that led to and resulted in culture at Boeing being unethical in nature. Some of these helped to create the environment for poor ethical decisions (e. g. poor ethics), and some of the factors were direct breaches of ethical conduct that served to stimulate further acts of ethical breach in the organisation. a)Environmental The four rules for ethical decision-making had been violated inside Boeing. Utilitarian rule – th e greatest good for the greatest number of people was not being pursued †¢Moral rights rule – decisions were not protecting the fundamental rights and privileges of people †¢Justice rule – distribution of benefits were not fair, equitable, and impartial †¢Practical rule – people in society didn’t not find these decisions and behaviours acceptable The breach of the environmental factors is supported by the complacency amongst the management that existed. Management was used to hiding behind bureaucracy, and there was a lack of effective and centralised leadership.Thus McDonnel-Douglas and Boeing was cultures were still evident in the same organisation. Management also had a culture of excess – they went away on posh getaways for their executive breakouts, â€Å"played golf, and closed down the bar†. The culture in the organisation was a closed culture and a â€Å"culture of silence†. There was no whistle-blowing on ethic s breaches. There was a general lack of attention to factors that create an enabling environment for productive and efficient work execution within ethical norms.Appropriate incentives were lacking and not in place, when the company grew as a result of the merger, there was no strong central control or corporate governance – which resulted in ethical breaches throughout the organisation. Also as a result of the merger, there remained internal conflicts and rivalries by the management teams which were not addressed, resulting in two cultures that didn’t integrate and work together. This led to a number of challenges such as good ideas not being shared, and internal cost cutting measures being hindered. b)Breach of ethical conductThere were also breaches of ethical conduct which only served to perpetuate and entrench the rogue ethical culture: †¢The former CEO’s relationship with his female Vice-President †¢The abuse of attorney-client privilege in cover ing up internal studies †¢Unethical pay discrepancy where females earned less than men at Boeing †¢The theft of 250000 pages of proprietary documents Because self-interest can lead to a collective disaster when others are encouraged to follow suit, it is likely that these acts further the company as a collective in terms of its adopted culture and reputation. The lack of legislation banning some behaviours (e. g. iaisons and affairs with colleagues) may have contributed to such conduct. However, neither law or ethics are fixed principles, and the managers should have used the combination of individual, organisational, occupational, and societal ethics to guide their the behaviour and conduct. All in all, the standards by which the Boeing managers ought to have governed themselves in terms of their individual, organisational, occupational and societal ethics were violated, resulting â€Å"in a tragedy of the commons†, where the company’s performance was compro mised, and the company suffered a reputation loss (the publicised Palm Springs affair).Q3: What steps is the new CEO taking to change Boeing’s culture and make ethical behaviour the centre of attention (10)? McNerney embarked on a process to re-establish business ethics at Boeing, putting individual, organisational, occupational, and societal ethics back at the centre of decision-making. He confronted the unethical culture directly and head-on by giving a â€Å"wake-up call† to his executive management team at the company’s annual executive retreat. This included the reading out of prison numbers at the retreat.He was honest and direct when telling the managers that they had â€Å"gotten carried away with themselves†. An important step was to encourage managers to talk about ethical lapses, and undo the culture of silence that permeated the company. He encouraged people to â€Å"speak up and take the risk†. McNerney paid attention to detail, includ ing remembering employee’s names, to ensure that they feel important and valued, and thereby defusing the need to take ethical short-cuts in their work conduct and behaviour.Some of the direct tools he used to achieve his culture change was centralising leadership to exert more influence and control over the 3 divisions in Boeing. Also, he aligned pay to ethical values and behaviours, rewarding collaborations amongst teams and divisions, and rewarding those who were living Boeing’s values. These values included the promoting of integrity and the avoiding of abusive behaviour. McNerney realised that he had a direct influence on the culture he wanted to create and chose to lead by example.He adopted an understanding and caring type leadership style, asking less technical questions in meetings with staff, and focusing on the human element. This form of leadership quickly established trust. People were able to have faith and confidence in him, and as a result he â€Å"win s praise from co-workers†. He was able to salvage and restore Boeing’s reputation as a result of the combination of steps taken above. However, there was still room for improvement in that of adopting a change and transformation programme.Such a programme would have set very change objectives, been communicated throughout the organisation, and measures established to track progress towards the desired culture and ethical changes. â€Å"Giving speeches about management virtue† and then following through with concrete actions – has a place on the change and transformation programme towards an ethical culture. McNerney could have also drawn-up a code a conduct for his team. This approach would have been more directive, and would have sent a clear and strong message in terms of the importance of ethical conduct and behaviour. Boeing Case Study Q1: How would you describe Boeing’s unethical culture. So called rotten to the core (5)? The unethical culture inside Boeing was widespread, and affected multiple geographic areas and there were cases across all divisions of such unethical behaviour. The promotion of the well-being of stakeholders was no longer being practised. Managers were no longer taking the claims of all stakeholders into consideration in their decision-making, and as such all stakeholder groups were at threat from this unethical behaviour, including the stockholders, employees, suppliers and distributors and the customers.The problem is that the relentless pursuit of self-interest was evident, and this seemingly led to a collective disaster inside the company, as one or more people started to profit from being unethical in the company, which likely encouraged other managers and employees to act in the same way. As a result, the efficiency and effectiveness of the company and its performance was compromis ed (e. g. failing to capitalise on cost savings initiatives).All in all, this resulted in reputation loss (e. g. humiliating ouster of Harry Stonecipher). As unethical behaviour was evident from the former CEO (affair with colleague) to his executive and other lower level managers (imprisoned employees), it is understandable and appropriate to refer to the culture and being ‘rotten to the core’. The culture that existed was simply unacceptable. Q2: What kind of factors resulted in Boeing’s unethical culture (10)?There are a number of factors that led to and resulted in culture at Boeing being unethical in nature. Some of these helped to create the environment for poor ethical decisions (e. g. poor ethics), and some of the factors were direct breaches of ethical conduct that served to stimulate further acts of ethical breach in the organisation. a)Environmental The four rules for ethical decision-making had been violated inside Boeing. Utilitarian rule – th e greatest good for the greatest number of people was not being pursued †¢Moral rights rule – decisions were not protecting the fundamental rights and privileges of people †¢Justice rule – distribution of benefits were not fair, equitable, and impartial †¢Practical rule – people in society didn’t not find these decisions and behaviours acceptable The breach of the environmental factors is supported by the complacency amongst the management that existed. Management was used to hiding behind bureaucracy, and there was a lack of effective and centralised leadership.Thus McDonnel-Douglas and Boeing was cultures were still evident in the same organisation. Management also had a culture of excess – they went away on posh getaways for their executive breakouts, â€Å"played golf, and closed down the bar†. The culture in the organisation was a closed culture and a â€Å"culture of silence†. There was no whistle-blowing on ethic s breaches. There was a general lack of attention to factors that create an enabling environment for productive and efficient work execution within ethical norms.Appropriate incentives were lacking and not in place, when the company grew as a result of the merger, there was no strong central control or corporate governance – which resulted in ethical breaches throughout the organisation. Also as a result of the merger, there remained internal conflicts and rivalries by the management teams which were not addressed, resulting in two cultures that didn’t integrate and work together. This led to a number of challenges such as good ideas not being shared, and internal cost cutting measures being hindered. b)Breach of ethical conductThere were also breaches of ethical conduct which only served to perpetuate and entrench the rogue ethical culture: †¢The former CEO’s relationship with his female Vice-President †¢The abuse of attorney-client privilege in cover ing up internal studies †¢Unethical pay discrepancy where females earned less than men at Boeing †¢The theft of 250000 pages of proprietary documents Because self-interest can lead to a collective disaster when others are encouraged to follow suit, it is likely that these acts further the company as a collective in terms of its adopted culture and reputation. The lack of legislation banning some behaviours (e. g. iaisons and affairs with colleagues) may have contributed to such conduct. However, neither law or ethics are fixed principles, and the managers should have used the combination of individual, organisational, occupational, and societal ethics to guide their the behaviour and conduct. All in all, the standards by which the Boeing managers ought to have governed themselves in terms of their individual, organisational, occupational and societal ethics were violated, resulting â€Å"in a tragedy of the commons†, where the company’s performance was compro mised, and the company suffered a reputation loss (the publicised Palm Springs affair).Q3: What steps is the new CEO taking to change Boeing’s culture and make ethical behaviour the centre of attention (10)? McNerney embarked on a process to re-establish business ethics at Boeing, putting individual, organisational, occupational, and societal ethics back at the centre of decision-making. He confronted the unethical culture directly and head-on by giving a â€Å"wake-up call† to his executive management team at the company’s annual executive retreat. This included the reading out of prison numbers at the retreat.He was honest and direct when telling the managers that they had â€Å"gotten carried away with themselves†. An important step was to encourage managers to talk about ethical lapses, and undo the culture of silence that permeated the company. He encouraged people to â€Å"speak up and take the risk†. McNerney paid attention to detail, includ ing remembering employee’s names, to ensure that they feel important and valued, and thereby defusing the need to take ethical short-cuts in their work conduct and behaviour.Some of the direct tools he used to achieve his culture change was centralising leadership to exert more influence and control over the 3 divisions in Boeing. Also, he aligned pay to ethical values and behaviours, rewarding collaborations amongst teams and divisions, and rewarding those who were living Boeing’s values. These values included the promoting of integrity and the avoiding of abusive behaviour. McNerney realised that he had a direct influence on the culture he wanted to create and chose to lead by example.He adopted an understanding and caring type leadership style, asking less technical questions in meetings with staff, and focusing on the human element. This form of leadership quickly established trust. People were able to have faith and confidence in him, and as a result he â€Å"win s praise from co-workers†. He was able to salvage and restore Boeing’s reputation as a result of the combination of steps taken above. However, there was still room for improvement in that of adopting a change and transformation programme.Such a programme would have set very change objectives, been communicated throughout the organisation, and measures established to track progress towards the desired culture and ethical changes. â€Å"Giving speeches about management virtue† and then following through with concrete actions – has a place on the change and transformation programme towards an ethical culture. McNerney could have also drawn-up a code a conduct for his team. This approach would have been more directive, and would have sent a clear and strong message in terms of the importance of ethical conduct and behaviour.